Friday the 13th - pre-1900

WARNING

As making this list was a huge task, there is a chance of errors, so I suggest checking other sources before using this list as a source of information.... as you should all the time!

If you want to offer a correction, please e-mail me at snackingotaku@yahoo.com. And please, when doing so, title your email "Friday 13th" and provide more than one citation for your correction.

 The following events took place on Friday 13th.

1-500CE

February 106 - Emperor He of Han (Han Hedi) of the Chinese Eastern Han Dynasty dies.

September 379 - Yax Nuun Ahiin I is crowned lord of Tikal.

October 467 - Emperor Xiaowen of Northern Wei, emperor of Northern Wei was born.

500-1000CE

December 558 – Childebert 1 of the Franks dies.

July 574 – Pope John III dies.

April 585 - Saint Hermenegild was executed.

July 815 – Wu Yuanheng was assassinated.

December 838 - Pepin I of Aquitaine dies.

June 839 - Holy Roman Emperor Charles the Fat was born.

January 915 - Umayyad caliph Al-Hakam II was born.

October 982 - Jing Zong, emperor of the Liao Dynasty, dies.

1000-1300

November 1002 – St. Brice’s Day massacre.

October 1066 – The day before the Battle of Hastings.

October 1195 – Crusader Gualdim Pais dies.

April 1229 - Louis II, Duke of Bavaria, was born.

June 1231 – Saint Anthony of Padua dies, age 35.

March 1271 – English knight Henry of Almain was murdered by his cousins Guy and Simon de Montfort the Younger, sons of Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester, in revenge for the beheading of their father and older brother at the Battle of Evesham in 1265.

November 1299 - Oliver Sutton, Bishop of Lincoln, dies

1300-1500

October 1307 – Philips IV issues a warrant to arrest the Knights Templar in France, on rumours they were committing acts of heresy. 

August 1311 – King Alfonso XI of Castile was born. Doge of Venice Pietro Gradenigo dies.

June 1348 – Writer Don Juan Manuel dies, age 66.

January 1363 - Meinhard III, Count of Gorizia-Tyrol and last descendant of the Tyrolean branch of the House of Gorizia, dies, age 18.

May 1373 – While suffering life-threatening illness, Julian of Norwich experiences visions of Jesus.

July 1380 - "The Eagle of Brittany," Bertrand du Guesclin, dies, age 60.

September 1409 - Isabella of Valois, queen consort of England, dies.

June 1432 – East Frisian chieftain of Moormerland and Emsigerland Uko Fockena dies.

September 1437 - Battle of Tangier begins.

July 1470 – Cardinal Francesco Armellini Pantalassi de' Medici was born.

1500-1600

September 1504 - Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand issue a Royal Warrant for the construction of a Royal Chapel (Capilla Real) to be built.

September 1521 - Lord High Treasurer William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley, was born.

December 1521 - Manuel I of Portugal dies.

February 1523 – Astronomer Valentin Naboth was born.

June 1539 – Printmaker Jost Amman was born.

September 1549 – Pope Paul III closes the first session of the Council of Bologna.

June 1550 – Poet Veronica Gambara dies.

January 1559 – Anabaptist leader Menno Simons dies.

March 1573 – French politician Michel de l'Hôpital dies.

December 1577 – Francis Drake sets sail from Plymouth on a round-the-world trip.

September 1583 – Musician Girolamo Frescobaldi was born.

April 1593 - Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of Strafford, was born.

September 1594 – Musician Francesco Manelli was born.

June 1595 – Scientist Jan Marek Marci was born.

May 1597 – Artist Cornelis Schut was born.

1600-1700

March 1601 – English author Henry Cuffe was executed for treason.

December 1611 – Dale’s Code is established in Virginia.

June 1617 - Sir Vincent Corbet, 1st Baronet, was born.

July 1621 – Albert VII, Archduke of Austria, dies, age 61.

August 1624 - Cardinal Richelieu’s first day as First Minister of France.

February 1635 – The Boston Public Latin School, the oldest public school in the US, opens.

April 1638 - Henri, Duke of Rohan dies, age 58.

June 1645 – Samurai Miyamoto Musashi dies.

September 1672 – After 12 years in prison for preaching without a licence, John Bunyan is released.

December 1678 - Yongzheng Emperor of China was born.

August 1680 – Natives led by Chief Pope expels the Spanish from Santa Fe, New Mexico, triggering a war.

July 1683 – Turks invade Vienna. Arthur Capell, 1st Earl of Essex, dies a prisoner in the Tower of London.

August 1686 – Historian Louis Maimbourg dies.

1700-1750

October 1710 – The Siege of Port Royal.

February 1713 – Dutch sailors introduce the Khoisan people of South Africa’s cape to smallpox.

April 1716 – Admiral Arthur Herbert, 1st Earl of Torrington, dies

February 1719 – Admiral George Brydges Rodney, 1st Baron Rodney, was born.

March 1719 – Lord Lieutenant of Essex John Griffin, 4th Baron Howard de Walden, was born. Alchemist Johann Friedrich Böttger dies.

April 1722 – Jacobite Charles Leslie dies.

May 1726 – Singer Francesco Antonio Pistocchi, dies.

June 1740 – Georgia’s provincial governor James Oglethorpe begins an unsuccessful attempt to take Spanish Florida in the Siege of St. Augustine.

February 1741 - Austrian composer Johann Joseph Fux dies.

March 1741 - The Battle of Cartagena de Indias begins. Holy roman Emperor Joseph II was born.

January 1749 - Maler Müller was born.

1750-1800

December 1754 - Mahmud I dies.

August 1756 – Artist James Gillray was born.

November 1761 – General John Moore was born.

April 1764 – General Laurent de Gouvion Saint-Cyr was born.

July 1770 – General Alexander Balashov was born.

January 1775 - Johann Georg Walch dies, age 81.

October 1775 – The Continental Navy was established, while Congress bars black people from the Continental Army.

June 1777 - Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette, arrives in America at Charleston, South Carolina, beginning his involvement in the American Revolution.

August 1779 – The British Navy defeat the Penobscot Expedition.

September 1782 - Franco-Spanish troops launch the unsuccessful "grand assault" during the Great Siege of Gibraltar.

August 1784 - The India Acts comes into effect, putting the East India Company under British government control.

April 1787 – American politician John Robertson was born.

July 1787 – The Northwest Ordinance is enacted.

August 1790 – Explorer William Wentworth was born.

January 1797 – After a naval battle against two British frigates off the coast of Brittany, a French ship runs aground, resulting in over 900 deaths.

December 1799 – Napoleon gets himself elected first consul.

1800-1820

January 1804 – French illustrator Paul Gavarni was born.

April 1810 – French composer Félicien David was born.

January 1815 – British troops capture Fort Peter in St. Marys, Georgia, in the War of 1812.

October 1815 – General Joachim Murat dies.

December 1816 – John Adamson patents the floating dry dock. Werner von Siemens, founder of Siemens, was born.

February 1818 – General George Rogers Clark dies.

August 1819 – Physicist Sir George Stokes, 1st Baronet, was born.

1820-1840

October 1820 – Geologist John William Dawson was born.

July 1821 – General Nathan Forrest was born.

November 1829 – At the High Falls on the Genesee River, near Rochester, New York, daredevil Sam Patch jumps 38m from a platform into the river, and died. His body was found in ice the next spring.

January 1832 – American novelist Horatio Alger, Jr. was born. Cricketer and founder of Lord’s, Thomas Lord, dies, age 76.

April 1832 – Author Juan Montalvo was born.

July 1832 – An expedition led by Henry Schoolcraft discover the source of the Mississippi.

December 1833 – The people of Alabama see the most dramatic version of the Leonid meteor shower.

February 1835 - Mirza Ghulam Ahmad was born.

October 1837 – In Algeria, during the second war of Abd- al-Kader, General Valee takes the town of Constantine.

1840-1860

August 1841 – Cricketer Salomon Jadassohn was born.

May 1842 – Composer Arthur Sullivan was born.

October 1843 - B'nai B'rith, the oldest Jewish service organization in the world, is founded in New York.

April 1849 – The Hungarian Declaration of Independence is presented to the National Assembly.

May 1853 - 21st Premier of South Australia Vaiben Louis Solomon was born.

January 1854 – Anthony Faas patents the accordion.

April 1855 – Geologist Henry De la Beche dies.

March 1857 – Historian B. H. Roberts was born.

1860s

January 1860 – surgeon and politician William Mason dies, age 73.

April 1860 – Painter James Ensor was born.

December 1861 – Prince Albert’s last full day of life with queen Victoria.

November 1863 – Former president of Mexico Ignacio Comonfort dies, age 51.

January 1865 - Princess Marie of Orléans was born.

April 1866 – Butch Cassidy was born.

December 1867 – The Fenian Brotherhood places a barrel of gunpowder at Clerkenwell Prison, London, to free an Irish prisoner. It kills 12 people, injures 120 and failed to free the prisoner. Kristian Birkeland was born.

March 1868 – US Andrew Johnson’s Impeachment trial begins.

November 1868 – Composer Gioachino Rossini dies, aged 76.

1870s

September 1872 - 44th Prime Minister of Japan Kijūrō Shidehara was born. Anthropologist Ludwig Feuerbach dies.

June 1873 – Actress Karin Swanström was born.

March 1874 – American jumper Ellery Harding Clark was born.

October 1876 – Baseball player Rube Waddell was born.

July 1877 – Linguist Robert Henry Mathews was born.

June 1879 – Politician Heinrich Gutkin and General Charalambos Tseroulis were born.

1880s

February 1880 – Thomas Edison observes electrons been liberated from a material by heat, an observation that leads to the invention of the vacuum tube. Philosopher Dimitrie Gusti was born.

May 1881 – Author Lima Barreto and runner Joe Forshaw were born.

January 1882 – Weapon designer Wilhelm Mauser dies, age 47.

October 1882 – Philosopher Arthur de Gobineau dies.

June 1884 – Artist Leon Chwistek and philosopher Étienne Gilson were born.

February 1885 -Bess Truman, 35th First Lady of the United States, was born.

March 1885 – Maltese politician Giorgio Mitrovich dies, age 89.

May 1887 – Educator Lorna Hodgkinson was born.

January 1888 – The National Geographic Society is founded in Washington D.C.

1890s

February 1891 – Author Kate Robert and painter Grant Wood were born.

January 1893 – US Marines land in Honolulu, Hawaii, from ship USS Boston to prevent the queen from annulling the Bayonet Constitution. The Independent Labour Party of the UK held their first meeting. Aerial Ace Lieutenant Charles Arnison, footballer Roy Cazaly, and artist Clark Ashton Smith were born.

October 1893 – Mathematician Kurt Reidemeister was born.

April 1894 - 13th Prime Minister of Australia Arthur Fadden was born.

July 1894 – Writer Isaac Babel was born.

September 1895 - Rugby player and sprinter Morris Kirksey was born.

December 1895 - Hungarian physicist Ányos Jedlik dies, age 95.

May 1898 – The American Mutoscope and Biograph Company received a cease and desist order from Thomas Edison. Future king of Malaysia Hisamuddin of Selangor was born.               

October 1899 – The Siege of Mafeking begins in South Africa. Footballer and racing driver Piero Dusio was born.  

Events since 1900

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